{"id":5884,"date":"2025-07-28T04:11:19","date_gmt":"2025-07-28T02:11:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/editionsjou.net\/?p=5884"},"modified":"2025-07-28T04:11:19","modified_gmt":"2025-07-28T02:11:19","slug":"131-les-algorithmes-contre-la-societe-dhubert-guillaud-par-eric-arlix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revuetina.editionsjou.net\/?p=5884","title":{"rendered":"#131\/ Les algorithmes contre la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d’Hubert Guillaud, par \u00c9ric Arlix"},"content":{"rendered":"\n


Hubert Guillaud, Les algorithmes contre la soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>
\u00e9ditions La Fabrique, mars 2025, 14 euros
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\u00ab Hubert Guillaud d\u00e9crypte le fonctionnement de ces syst\u00e8mes qui ne sont pas seulement d\u00e9faillants et opaques mais intrusifs et despotiques. Alors que les possibilit\u00e9s ouvertes par la r\u00e9volution num\u00e9rique se referment sur nous comme un pi\u00e8ge, il appelle \u00e0 remettre la d\u00e9mocratie et la justice au c\u0153ur des calculs \u2013 ou \u00e0 nous en d\u00e9faire. \u00bb
extrait quatri\u00e8me de couverture.

La th\u00e8se du livre est aussi claire qu’argument\u00e9e. La projet de soci\u00e9t\u00e9 num\u00e9rique est pilot\u00e9e par l’id\u00e9ologie n\u00e9olib\u00e9rale et non pas par des amoureux du bien-\u00eatre, de l’\u00e9mancipation et de la d\u00e9mocratie. Les biais des algorithmes utilis\u00e9s par les entreprises priv\u00e9s (par exemple pour le recrutement ou la gestions des plannings des employ\u00e9s) ou par les services publics (par exemple la CAF ou France Travail) sont toujours discriminants, toujours orient\u00e9s sur les plus pr\u00e9caires, toujours orient\u00e9s vers la maximisation des profits. Au moment ou les pol\u00e9miques sur les aides aux entreprises fran\u00e7aises sont l\u00e9gions, personne (ni l’\u00c9tat ni les entreprises b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires) n’est capable de justifier et d’\u00e9valuer ces aides (dommage qu’il n’y ait pas d’algorithmes cr\u00e9\u00e9 pour cela plut\u00f4t que pour r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer quelques millions d’aides sociales). Les chapitres 1 et 2 (sur 5) nous d\u00e9taillent cela, avec un appareil critique assez fourni. Le chapitre 3 (Du marketing \u00e0 l’\u00e9conomie num\u00e9rique : la discrimination pour le profil) fait un tour d’horizon des nouvelles pratiques, des nouveaux outils num\u00e9riques utilis\u00e9s pour le profilage des clients, pour g\u00e9n\u00e9rer des pr\u00e9dictions (toujours aussi incertaines) mais surtout g\u00e9n\u00e9rer des donn\u00e9es, ces mines d’or de l’\u00e9conomie. Le chapitre IV (De l’autoritarisme du num\u00e9rique au risque fasciste des calculs) commence ainsi : \u00ab Il ne faut pas confondre l’autoritarisme des plateformes avec l’autoritarisme des \u00ab oligarques cupides de la tech \u00bb. Les grands patrons visionnaires de la Silicon Valley, adul\u00e9s pour leur r\u00e9ussite \u00e9conomique, se distinguent surtout par leur style manag\u00e9rial brutal et tyrannique. Ils adh\u00e8rent massivement \u00e0 une vision du monde hostile aux travailleurs. Bezos a b\u00e2ti sa fortune sans consid\u00e9ration pour ses magasiniers, pay\u00e9s \u00e0 des salaires si faibles qu’ils sont nombreux \u00e0 b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier de l’aide sociale. Les usines de Musk ne sont gu\u00e8re plus reluisantes : les accidents y sont deux fois plus fr\u00e9quents que dans les usines du secteur de l’automobile. Dans ce \u00ab capitalisme sans capital \u00bb, l’exploitation des travailleurs est fructueuse. Le capital-risqueur Reid Hoffman, fondateur de LinkedIn, pompeusement pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme le plus philosophe des entrepreneurs pour sa copieuse litt\u00e9rature manag\u00e9riale, explique que les entreprises ne doivent aucune loyaut\u00e9 \u00e0 leurs employ\u00e9s et encourage les travailleurs \u00e0 se consid\u00e9rer comme des ind\u00e9pendants. La vision du monde de ces entrepreneurs rel\u00e8ve du pur cynisme. \u00bb pp 123-124.
Et enfin le chapitre 5 (Calculer autrement), chapitre le plus court mais peut \u00eatre annonciateur d’un prochain livre, envisage ces outils num\u00e9riques dans une perspective de gauche, collective et non plus individualiste.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un essai court et clair, critique et motivant qui se d\u00e9tache largement de la production des essais sur le sujet.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hubert Guillaud est animateur du blog Dans les algorithmes<\/strong>
https:\/\/danslesalgorithmes.net\/<\/a><\/strong>
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Il ne faut pas confondre l’autoritarisme des plateformes avec l’autoritarisme des \u00aboligarques cupides de la tech\u00bb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5890,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5884","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lectures","category-revue-tina"],"yoast_head":"\n#131\/ Les algorithmes contre la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d'Hubert Guillaud, par \u00c9ric Arlix - <<< \u00e9ditions JOU<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/revuetina.editionsjou.net\/?p=5884\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"#131\/ Les algorithmes contre la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d'Hubert Guillaud, par \u00c9ric Arlix - 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