{"id":5674,"date":"2025-07-15T14:58:37","date_gmt":"2025-07-15T12:58:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/editionsjou.net\/?p=5674"},"modified":"2025-07-15T14:58:37","modified_gmt":"2025-07-15T12:58:37","slug":"123-lopinion-et-la-foule-gabriel-tarde-1901","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revuetina.editionsjou.net\/?p=5674","title":{"rendered":"#123\/ L’opinion et la foule, Gabriel Tarde, 1901"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00ab\u00a0Retour vers le futur\u00a0\u00bb TINA vous propose de red\u00e9couvrir des textes \/\/\/<\/strong> 1901<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quand nous subissons \u00e0 notre insu cette invisible contagion du public dont nous faisons partie, nous sommes port\u00e9s \u00e0 l’expliquer par le simple prestige de l’actualit\u00e9. <\/em>Si le journal du jour nous int\u00e9resse \u00e0 ce point, c’est qu’il ne nous raconte que des faits actuels, et ce serait la proximit\u00e9 de ces faits, nullement la simultan\u00e9it\u00e9 de leur connaissance par nous et par autrui qui nous passionnerait \u00e0 leur r\u00e9cit. Mais analysons bien cette sensation de l’actualit\u00e9 <\/em>qui est si \u00e9trange et dont la passion croissante est une des caract\u00e9ristiques les plus nettes de la vie civilis\u00e9e. Ce qui est r\u00e9put\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0d’actualit\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb, est-ce seulement ce qui vient d’avoir lieu\u00a0? Non, c’est tout ce qui inspire actuellement un int\u00e9r\u00eat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, alors m\u00eame que ce serait un fait ancien. A \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0d’actualit\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb, dans ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, tout ce qui concerne Napol\u00e9on ; est d’actualit\u00e9 tout ce qui est \u00e0 la mode. Et n’est pas \u00ab\u00a0d’actualit\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb ce qui est r\u00e9cent, mais n\u00e9glig\u00e9 actuellement par l’attention publique d\u00e9tourn\u00e9e ailleurs. Pendant toute l’affaire Dreyfus, il se passait en Afrique ou en Asie des faits bien propres \u00e0 nous int\u00e9resser, mais on e\u00fbt dit qu’ils n’avaient rien d’actuel. – En somme, la passion pour l’actualit\u00e9 progresse avec la sociabilit\u00e9 dont elle n’est qu’une des manifestations les plus frappantes ; et comme le propre de la presse p\u00e9riodique, de la presse quotidienne surtout, est de ne traiter que des sujets d’actualit\u00e9, on ne doit pas \u00eatre surpris de voir se nouer et se resserrer entre les lecteurs habituels d’un m\u00eame journal une esp\u00e8ce d’association trop peu remarqu\u00e9e et des plus importantes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bien entendu, pour que cette suggestion \u00e0 distance <\/em>des individus qui composent un m\u00eame public devienne possible, il faut qu’ils aient pratiqu\u00e9 longtemps, par l’habitude de la vie sociale intense, de la vie urbaine, la suggestion \u00e0 proximit\u00e9. Nous commen\u00e7ons, enfants, adolescents, par ressentir vivement l’action des regards d’autrui, <\/em>qui s’exprime \u00e0 notre insu dans notre attitude, dans nos gestes, dans le cours modifi\u00e9 de nos id\u00e9es, dans le trouble ou la surexcitation de nos paroles, dans nos jugements, dans nos actes. Et c’est seulement apr\u00e8s avoir, pendant des ann\u00e9es, subi et fait subir cette action impressionnante du regard, que nous devenons capable d’\u00eatre impressionn\u00e9s m\u00eame par la pens\u00e9e du regard d’autrui, <\/em>par l’id\u00e9e que nous sommes l’objet de l’attention de personnes \u00e9loign\u00e9es de nous. Pareillement, c’est apr\u00e8s avoir connu et pratiqu\u00e9 longtemps le pouvoir suggestif d’une voix dogmatique et autoritaire, entendue de pr\u00e8s, que la lecture d’une affirmation \u00e9nergique suffit \u00e0 nous convaincre, et que m\u00eame la simple connaissance de l’adh\u00e9sion d’un grand nombre de nos semblables \u00e0 ce jugement nous dispose \u00e0 juger dans le m\u00eame sens. La formation d’un public suppose donc une \u00e9volution mentale et sociale bien plus avanc\u00e9e que la formation d’une foule. La suggestibilit\u00e9 purement id\u00e9ale, la contagion sans contact, que suppose ce groupement purement abstrait et pourtant si r\u00e9el, cette foule spiritualis\u00e9e, \u00e9lev\u00e9e, pour ainsi dire, au second degr\u00e9 de puissance, n’a pu na\u00eetre qu’apr\u00e8s bien des si\u00e8cles de vie sociale plus grossi\u00e8re, plus \u00e9l\u00e9mentaire.


https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gabriel_Tarde<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n


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